Bitcoin 51% Attack Threat Underestimated, Professor Claims, Citing $6 Billion Cost

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[1] Duke University Professor: Bitcoin's "51% Attack" Threat May Be Severely Underestimated, Attackers May Only Need About $6 Billion to Destroy the Network (https://www.techflowpost.com/newsletter/detai ...)[2] Can $60 billion "crush" Bitcoin? (https://vertexaisearch.cloud.google.com/groun ...)[3] Trump Family Bitcoin Bet Will Trigger Nation-State FOMO w/ Matt Prusak (CEO American Bitcoin) - YouTube (https://vertexaisearch.cloud.google.com/groun ...)

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Dec 03 2025, 03:06

Investor 'Machi Big Brother' Nets $1.17M Profit on Leveraged Trade Amid Bitcoin Rebound

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Dec 03 2025, 02:53

NewGenIvf Diversifies Treasury With Solana (SOL) Purchase and $2 Million Stock Buyback

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Dec 03 2025, 02:30

SEC Halts High-Leverage ETF Approvals Amid Crypto Fund Implosion

## Executive Summary The U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) is applying increased scrutiny to high-leverage exchange-traded funds (ETFs), pausing approvals for new products amid concerns of excessive risk to investors. The move comes as the market witnesses a real-time example of these risks, with leveraged ETFs tied to the crypto-proxy stock **Strategy Inc. (MSTR)** collapsing by more than 80% this year. The event has vaporized over a billion dollars in investor capital and forced **Strategy** to take defensive measures to protect its Bitcoin-centric balance sheet, highlighting the systemic dangers of layering leverage on already volatile assets. ## The Event in Detail: SEC Intervenes on Leveraged Products Regulatory concerns regarding complex investment vehicles have sharpened, with the SEC reportedly informing ETF issuers, including **Direxion**, **ProShares**, and **Tidal**, of a suspension in approving new high-leverage products. 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The ETFs then add another layer of daily leverage on top of **MSTR** stock. This structure proves devastating in a downturn due to two factors: 1. **Compounded Losses:** Daily rebalancing means losses are magnified, and subsequent gains must be significantly larger to recover. 2. **Volatility Decay:** In a whipsawing market, the value of these ETFs can erode even if the underlying stock ends a period flat, a phenomenon that has severely impacted buy-and-hold investors. Combined assets in the three most prominent leveraged **MSTR** ETFs have shrunk from over **$2.3 billion** in early October to around **$830 million**, representing a capital loss of approximately **$1.5 billion**. ## Financial Mechanics Under Stress: Strategy Inc.'s Balance Sheet **Strategy Inc.** has amassed its **Bitcoin** holdings, now around 650,000 BTC, by issuing approximately **$8.2 billion** in convertible debt and other shares. With **Bitcoin’s** price falling nearly 30% from its October peak and **MSTR's** stock tumbling over 40%, this model is under severe strain. In response, the company announced the creation of a **$1.44 billion cash reserve**, funded by recent share sales, to cover at least 12-21 months of interest and dividend payments. This move is a direct attempt to avoid selling its **Bitcoin** in a depressed market. However, it also highlights the core tension in its model: the company holds a non-cash-flowing asset (**Bitcoin**) while having fixed, recurring cash obligations. Investor focus has shifted to the company's 'mNAV'—a metric comparing its enterprise value to its **Bitcoin** holdings. This ratio has fallen to approximately 1.15, approaching what CEO Phong Le has described as a warning zone. Le acknowledged that a drop below 1.0 could, as a last resort, force the company to sell **Bitcoin** to meet its obligations. ## Market Implications The rapid deleveraging has profound implications. First, it serves as a cautionary tale for retail investors who may have underestimated the risks of leveraged products. Second, the crisis at **Strategy Inc.** threatens its position in major stock indexes. Analysts at JPMorgan have warned that **MSTR** could be removed from the **Nasdaq 100**, a move that would trigger billions in forced selling from passive index funds. More broadly, the ordeal casts a pall over the corporate **Bitcoin** treasury strategy that **Strategy** pioneered. What was once seen as an innovative way to gain **Bitcoin** exposure is now viewed as a complex and risky financial structure. ## Expert Commentary The situation has drawn sharp commentary from market analysts. > “The recent pullback in Bitcoin has hit Strategy’s stock hard, and 2x leveraged plays like MSTX and MSTU turn that into even larger losses,” said **Roxanna Islam**, head of sector and industry research at TMX VettaFi. “It’s a reminder that leveraged single-stock ETFs can look great on the way up, but can erase gains very quickly when the underlying trade goes the other way.” **Michael O’Rourke**, chief market strategist at JonesTrading, offered a more pointed critique: > “Leveraged ETFs are generally a dangerous investment. A leveraged ETF on shares of a stock that levers up to buy a highly speculative asset is a risk profile of its own.” ## Broader Context: A Market-Wide Deleveraging The collapse of these niche ETFs is symptomatic of a wider trend. The crypto market has seen nearly **$1 billion** in leveraged positions liquidated in a single day, and the total digital asset market capitalization has fallen by over **$1 trillion** from its recent peak. The deleveraging comes as investors eye macroeconomic factors, including an upcoming Federal Reserve FOMC meeting, for direction. While speculative capital continues to flow into higher-risk altcoins and new Layer-2 presales, the core institutional-facing market is undergoing a painful but necessary correction.